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jeremygan2021
2026-03-22 23:16:42 +08:00
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commit 09df6697ca
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create_new_domain_cert.sh Normal file
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#!/bin/bash
#
# 脚本名称: create_new_domain_cert.sh
# 功能: 为新域名自动创建 Let's Encrypt SSL 证书
# 作者: Assistant
# 日期: 2026-03-22
# 用法:
# sudo ./create_new_domain_cert.sh
#
# 交互式输入：
# - 域名 (例如: example.com)
# - 后端服务端口 (例如: 3000)
# - 证书存放目录 (例如: /etc/ssl/certs/example.com)
#
# 前提条件:
# - 需要 root 权限运行
# - 需要安装 nginx
# - 需要开放 80 和 443 端口
#
# sudo chmod +x create_new_domain_cert.sh
# ================= 配置区域 =================
ACME_SH="/root/.acme.sh/acme.sh"
WEBROOT="/var/www/letsencrypt"
NGINX_CONF_DIR="/etc/nginx/conf.d"
NGINX_AVAILABLE="/etc/nginx/sites-available"
NGINX_ENABLED="/etc/nginx/sites-enabled"
EMAIL="admin@$(hostname -f)"
# ===========================================
# 彩色输出（方便阅读）
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
BLUE='\033[0;34m'
CYAN='\033[0;36m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color
# 日志函数 - 中文输出
log_info() { echo -e "${GREEN}[INFO]${NC} $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - $1" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"; }
log_warn() { echo -e "${YELLOW}[警告]${NC} $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - $1" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"; }
log_error() { echo -e "${RED}[错误]${NC} $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - $1" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"; }
log_step() { echo -e "${BLUE}[步骤]${NC} $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - $1" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"; }
log_success() { echo -e "${CYAN}[完成]${NC} $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - $1" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"; }
# 全局变量
DOMAIN=""
BACKEND_PORT=""
CERT_DIR=""
LOG_FILE=""
HTTP_CONF_FILE=""
HTTPS_CONF_FILE=""
# 检查是否 root 权限
check_root() {
if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
log_error "请使用 root 权限运行此脚本"
exit 1
fi
}
# 交互式收集参数
input_parameters() {
echo ""
echo -e "${BLUE}========================================${NC}"
echo -e "${BLUE} 🆕 新域名 SSL 证书创建向导 ${NC}"
echo -e "${BLUE}========================================${NC}"
echo ""
# 收集域名
while true; do
read -p "$(echo -e "${CYAN}[输入]${NC} 请输入域名（例如：example.com）: ")" DOMAIN
if [[ -z "$DOMAIN" ]]; then
log_error "域名不能为空"
continue
fi
# 简单的域名格式验证
if [[ ! "$DOMAIN" =~ ^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9\.-]*\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$ ]]; then
log_error "域名格式不正确，请重新输入"
continue
fi
break
done
# 收集后端端口
while true; do
read -p "$(echo -e "${CYAN}[输入]${NC} 请输入后端服务端口（例如：3000）: ")" BACKEND_PORT
if [[ -z "$BACKEND_PORT" ]]; then
log_error "端口不能为空"
continue
fi
# 端口必须是数字
if [[ ! "$BACKEND_PORT" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] || [[ $BACKEND_PORT -lt 1 ]] || [[ $BACKEND_PORT -gt 65535 ]]; then
log_error "端口号必须在 1-65535 之间"
continue
fi
break
done
# 收集证书目录
read -p "$(echo -e "${CYAN}[输入]${NC} 请输入证书存放目录（默认：/etc/ssl/certs/${DOMAIN}）: ")" INPUT_CERT_DIR
if [[ -z "$INPUT_CERT_DIR" ]]; then
CERT_DIR="/etc/ssl/certs/${DOMAIN}"
else
CERT_DIR="$INPUT_CERT_DIR"
fi
# 设置日志文件
LOG_FILE="/var/log/provision-${DOMAIN}.log"
# 设置配置文件路径
HTTP_CONF_FILE="${NGINX_CONF_DIR}/${DOMAIN}.http.conf"
HTTPS_CONF_FILE="${NGINX_CONF_DIR}/${DOMAIN}.https.conf"
echo ""
log_info "📋 配置汇总:"
echo " 域名: $DOMAIN"
echo " 端口: $BACKEND_PORT"
echo " 证书目录: $CERT_DIR"
echo " 日志文件: $LOG_FILE"
echo ""
}
# 检查并安装 acme.sh
install_acme_sh() {
log_step "检查 acme.sh 安装状态..."
if [[ -f "$ACME_SH" ]]; then
log_success "acme.sh 已安装: $ACME_SH"
# 检查是否需要升级
local version=$("$ACME_SH" --version 2>/dev/null | head -n1)
log_info "当前版本: $version"
echo ""
read -p "$(echo -e "${YELLOW}[确认]${NC} 是否升级 acme.sh 到最新版本? [y/N]: ")" upgrade
if [[ "$upgrade" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
log_info "正在升级 acme.sh..."
if "$ACME_SH" --upgrade --auto-upgrade; then
log_success "acme.sh 升级成功"
else
log_warn "升级失败，继续使用当前版本"
fi
fi
else
log_warn "未检测到 acme.sh，开始自动安装..."
# 自动安装 acme.sh
log_info "执行安装命令: curl https://get.acme.sh | sh -s email=$EMAIL"
if curl https://get.acme.sh | sh -s email=$EMAIL; then
log_success "acme.sh 安装成功"
# 验证安装
if [[ -f "$ACME_SH" ]]; then
log_info "验证安装: $ACME_SH"
else
log_error "acme.sh 安装验证失败"
exit 1
fi
else
log_error "acme.sh 安装失败，请检查网络连接"
exit 1
fi
fi
# 设置默认 CA
log_info "设置默认 CA 为 Let's Encrypt..."
"$ACME_SH" --set-default-ca --server letsencrypt >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
}
# 创建并授权 webroot 目录
setup_webroot() {
log_step "创建并授权 webroot 目录..."
if [[ ! -d "$WEBROOT" ]]; then
log_info "创建 webroot 目录: $WEBROOT"
mkdir -p "$WEBROOT"
else
log_success "webroot 目录已存在: $WEBROOT"
fi
# 设置权限
chown -R www-data:www-data "$WEBROOT"
chmod -R 755 "$WEBROOT"
log_success "webroot 目录权限设置完成"
log_info "所有者: www-data:www-data"
log_info "权限: 755"
}
# 备份旧配置（幂等性支持）
backup_old_configs() {
log_step "检查并备份旧配置..."
local backup_count=0
local timestamp=$(date +%s)
# 备份 HTTP 配置
if [[ -f "$HTTP_CONF_FILE" ]]; then
local backup_file="${HTTP_CONF_FILE}.bak-${timestamp}"
mv "$HTTP_CONF_FILE" "$backup_file"
log_info "已备份 HTTP 配置: $backup_file"
backup_count=$((backup_count + 1))
fi
# 备份 HTTPS 配置
if [[ -f "$HTTPS_CONF_FILE" ]]; then
local backup_file="${HTTPS_CONF_FILE}.bak-${timestamp}"
mv "$HTTPS_CONF_FILE" "$backup_file"
log_info "已备份 HTTPS 配置: $backup_file"
backup_count=$((backup_count + 1))
fi
# 备份证书目录
if [[ -d "$CERT_DIR" ]] && [[ -n "$(ls -A $CERT_DIR 2>/dev/null)" ]]; then
local backup_dir="${CERT_DIR}.bak-${timestamp}"
cp -r "$CERT_DIR" "$backup_dir"
log_info "已备份证书目录: $backup_dir"
backup_count=$((backup_count + 1))
fi
if [[ $backup_count -eq 0 ]]; then
log_info "未发现旧配置，无需备份"
else
log_success "共备份 $backup_count 个旧配置"
fi
}
# 检查证书是否已存在且未过期
check_existing_certificate() {
log_step "检查现有证书..."
# 使用 acme.sh --list 查看已颁发的证书
local cert_list=$("$ACME_SH" --list 2>/dev/null)
if echo "$cert_list" | grep -q "$DOMAIN"; then
log_warn "发现已存在的证书: $DOMAIN"
# 检查证书是否即将过期
local cert_file="$("$ACME_SH" --list | grep "^$DOMAIN" | awk '{print $5}')"
if [[ -n "$cert_file" ]] && [[ -f "$cert_file" ]]; then
local expire_date=$(openssl x509 -in "$cert_file" -noout -enddate 2>/dev/null | cut -d= -f2)
local expire_timestamp=$(date -d "$expire_date" +%s 2>/dev/null)
local now_timestamp=$(date +%s)
local days_left=$(( (expire_timestamp - now_timestamp) / 86400 ))
log_info "证书过期时间: $expire_date"
log_info "距离过期还有: ${days_left} 天"
if [[ $days_left -gt 30 ]]; then
echo ""
echo -e "${YELLOW}现有证书仍在有效期内（>30天），请选择操作:${NC}"
echo "1) 跳过证书申请，直接安装现有证书"
echo "2) 强制重新申请证书 (Force Renew)"
echo "3) 退出脚本"
read -p "请输入选项 [1-3]: " choice
case "$choice" in
1)
log_info "用户选择: 跳过证书申请，使用现有证书"
return 0
;;
2)
log_info "用户选择: 强制重新申请证书"
return 1
;;
*)
log_info "用户选择退出"
exit 0
;;
esac
else
log_warn "证书即将过期（<30天），将重新申请"
return 1
fi
fi
fi
log_info "未找到现有证书，将申请新证书"
return 1
}
# 生成临时 HTTP 配置用于 ACME 验证
generate_http_config() {
log_step "生成临时 HTTP 配置..."
cat > "$HTTP_CONF_FILE" <<EOF
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name ${DOMAIN};
# ACME 挑战目录
location /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
root ${WEBROOT};
allow all;
}
# 其他请求代理到后端服务作为兜底
location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:${BACKEND_PORT};
proxy_set_header Host \$host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP \$remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For \$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto \$scheme;
}
}
EOF
log_success "HTTP 配置已生成: $HTTP_CONF_FILE"
}
# 验证并重载 nginx
reload_nginx() {
log_step "验证 nginx 配置..."
if ! nginx -t; then
log_error "nginx 配置验证失败，请检查配置文件"
cat "$HTTP_CONF_FILE"
exit 1
fi
log_success "nginx 配置验证通过"
log_step "重载 nginx 服务..."
if systemctl reload nginx >/dev/null 2>&1; then
log_success "nginx 重载成功"
elif service nginx reload >/dev/null 2>&1; then
log_success "nginx 重载成功 (service 命令)"
elif nginx -s reload >/dev/null 2>&1; then
log_success "nginx 重载成功 (nginx -s)"
else
log_error "nginx 重载失败，请手动执行: systemctl reload nginx"
exit 1
fi
}
# 检测域名 80 端口可达性
check_domain_reachability() {
log_step "检测域名 80 端口可达性..."
local test_url="http://${DOMAIN}/.well-known/acme-challenge/test"
log_info "测试 URL: $test_url"
local response
response=$(curl -I -s --connect-timeout 10 "$test_url" 2>&1)
local http_code=$(echo "$response" | grep -i "HTTP/" | head -n1 | awk '{print $2}')
log_info "HTTP 响应码: ${http_code:-无响应}"
# 返回 200 或 404 都视为通过（说明 nginx 已响应）
if [[ "$http_code" == "200" ]] || [[ "$http_code" == "404" ]]; then
log_success "域名 80 端口可达性检测通过"
return 0
else
log_error "域名 80 端口不可达，请检查:"
echo " 1. 域名是否正确解析到此服务器"
echo " 2. 防火墙是否开放 80 端口"
echo " 3. nginx 是否正常启动"
echo ""
echo " 完整响应: $response"
return 1
fi
}
# 申请 Let's Encrypt 证书
issue_certificate() {
log_step "申请 Let's Encrypt 证书..."
log_info "执行命令: $ACME_SH --issue -d $DOMAIN --webroot $WEBROOT"
echo ""
# 捕获输出用于分析
local tmp_out=$(mktemp)
local tmp_err=$(mktemp)
"$ACME_SH" --issue -d "$DOMAIN" --webroot "$WEBROOT" > >(tee "$tmp_out") 2> >(tee "$tmp_err" >&2)
local ret=$?
# 分析结果
if [[ $ret -eq 0 ]]; then
# 检查输出是否包含证书内容
if grep -q "-----END CERTIFICATE-----" "$tmp_out" || grep -q "-----END CERTIFICATE-----" "$tmp_err"; then
log_success "✅ 证书申请成功！"
rm -f "$tmp_out" "$tmp_err"
return 0
else
log_warn "证书申请命令返回成功，但未检测到证书内容"
log_info "输出内容:"
cat "$tmp_out"
cat "$tmp_err"
rm -f "$tmp_out" "$tmp_err"
return 0
fi
else
log_error "❌ 证书申请失败 (返回码: $ret)"
echo ""
echo "========== 错误输出 =========="
cat "$tmp_err"
echo "=============================="
echo ""
log_error "请检查日志: $LOG_FILE"
rm -f "$tmp_out" "$tmp_err"
exit 1
fi
}
# 安装证书到指定位置
install_certificate() {
log_step "安装证书到指定目录..."
# 确保目录存在
mkdir -p "$CERT_DIR"
log_info "证书安装目录: $CERT_DIR"
# 使用 acme.sh 安装证书
local install_cmd="$ACME_SH --install-cert -d $DOMAIN \
--key-file ${CERT_DIR}/key.pem \
--fullchain-file ${CERT_DIR}/cert.pem \
--reloadcmd \"systemctl force-reload nginx\""
log_info "执行安装命令..."
echo "$install_cmd" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
if eval "$install_cmd"; then
log_success "证书安装成功"
else
log_error "证书安装失败"
exit 1
fi
# 设置文件权限
log_step "设置证书文件权限..."
if chown www-data:www-data "${CERT_DIR}"/*.pem 2>/dev/null; then
log_success "文件所有者已设置为 www-data:www-data"
else
log_warn "chown 执行失败，请手动检查权限"
fi
if chmod 600 "${CERT_DIR}"/*.pem 2>/dev/null; then
log_success "文件权限已设置为 600"
else
log_warn "chmod 执行失败，请手动检查权限"
fi
# 验证证书文件
log_step "验证证书文件..."
if [[ -f "${CERT_DIR}/cert.pem" ]]; then
log_success "证书文件存在: ${CERT_DIR}/cert.pem"
openssl x509 -in "${CERT_DIR}/cert.pem" -noout -subject -dates 2>/dev/null | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
else
log_error "证书文件不存在: ${CERT_DIR}/cert.pem"
exit 1
fi
if [[ -f "${CERT_DIR}/key.pem" ]]; then
log_success "密钥文件存在: ${CERT_DIR}/key.pem"
else
log_error "密钥文件不存在: ${CERT_DIR}/key.pem"
exit 1
fi
}
# 生成最终 HTTPS 配置
generate_https_config() {
log_step "生成 HTTPS 配置..."
cat > "$HTTPS_CONF_FILE" <<EOF
# HTTP 到 HTTPS 的强制跳转
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name ${DOMAIN};
return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}
# HTTPS 服务器块
server {
listen 443 ssl http2;
listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
server_name ${DOMAIN};
# SSL 证书配置
ssl_certificate ${CERT_DIR}/cert.pem;
ssl_certificate_key ${CERT_DIR}/key.pem;
# SSL 安全配置
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers off;
# HSTS 配置（可选，取消注释以启用）
# add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000" always;
# 日志配置
access_log /var/log/nginx/${DOMAIN}.access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/${DOMAIN}.error.log;
# 后端服务代理
location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:${BACKEND_PORT};
proxy_set_header Host \$host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP \$remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For \$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto \$scheme;
}
}
EOF
log_success "HTTPS 配置已生成: $HTTPS_CONF_FILE"
}
# 最终验证
final_verification() {
log_step "最终验证..."
# 删除临时 HTTP 配置（不再需要）
if [[ -f "$HTTP_CONF_FILE" ]]; then
rm -f "$HTTP_CONF_FILE"
log_info "已删除临时 HTTP 配置"
fi
# 验证 nginx 配置
log_info "验证 nginx 配置..."
if ! nginx -t; then
log_error "nginx 配置验证失败"
exit 1
fi
log_success "nginx 配置验证通过"
# 重载 nginx
log_step "重载 nginx 服务..."
if systemctl reload nginx >/dev/null 2>&1 || service nginx reload >/dev/null 2>&1 || nginx -s reload; then
log_success "nginx 重载成功"
else
log_error "nginx 重载失败"
exit 1
fi
# 清理旧的符号链接（如果存在）
if [[ -L "${NGINX_ENABLED}/${DOMAIN}.conf" ]]; then
rm -f "${NGINX_ENABLED}/${DOMAIN}.conf"
fi
echo ""
echo -e "${GREEN}========================================${NC}"
echo -e "${GREEN} ✅ SSL 证书创建成功！ ${NC}"
echo -e "${GREEN}========================================${NC}"
echo ""
echo -e "${CYAN}📋 配置信息:${NC}"
echo " 域名: $DOMAIN"
echo " 证书文件: ${CERT_DIR}/cert.pem"
echo " 密钥文件: ${CERT_DIR}/key.pem"
echo " 后端端口: $BACKEND_PORT"
echo " Nginx 配置: $HTTPS_CONF_FILE"
echo " 日志文件: $LOG_FILE"
echo ""
echo -e "${CYAN}🧪 验证命令:${NC}"
echo " 1. 测试 HTTPS 访问:"
echo -e " ${GREEN}curl -I https://${DOMAIN}${NC}"
echo ""
echo " 2. 查看证书详情:"
echo -e " ${GREEN}openssl x509 -in ${CERT_DIR}/cert.pem -noout -text | head -20${NC}"
echo ""
echo " 3. 在线验证 SSL 配置:"
echo -e " ${GREEN}https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=${DOMAIN}${NC}"
echo ""
echo -e "${YELLOW}⚠️ 提示:${NC}"
echo " - HTTP 请求会自动 301 跳转到 HTTPS"
echo " - 证书将在 60 天后自动续期"
echo " - 如需手动续期: $ACME_SH --renew -d $DOMAIN"
echo ""
}
# 主流程
main() {
check_root
input_parameters
echo ""
log_info "开始执行证书创建流程..."
echo ""
install_acme_sh
setup_webroot
backup_old_configs
# 检查是否需要申请新证书
local skip_issue=false
check_existing_certificate || skip_issue=true
generate_http_config
reload_nginx
if [[ "$skip_issue" == "false" ]]; then
if check_domain_reachability; then
issue_certificate
else
log_error "域名可达性检测失败，无法继续"
exit 1
fi
fi
install_certificate
generate_https_config
final_verification
echo ""
log_success "🎉 域名 [$DOMAIN] SSL 证书创建完成！"
echo ""
}
# 执行主函数
main "$@"