chore: 优化 Docker 配置，添加生产环境部署脚本和文档

backend/Dockerfile

@@ -1,26 +1,40 @@
-# Use an official Python runtime as a parent image
-FROM python:3.13-slim
+# 使用 Python 3.12  slim 镜像作为基础镜像
+FROM python:3.12-slim
 
-# Set environment variables
+# 设置环境变量
 ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1
 ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
+ENV PYTHONIOENCODING=utf-8
 
-# Set work directory
+# 设置工作目录
 WORKDIR /app
 
-# Install python dependencies
-COPY requirements.txt /app/
-RUN pip install --upgrade pip && pip install -r requirements.txt
+# 安装系统依赖
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
+    gcc \
+    libpq-dev \
+    libffi-dev \
+    libjpeg-dev \
+    zlib1g-dev \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
-# Copy project
-COPY . /app/
-COPY .env /app/
+# 复制 requirements 文件并安装依赖
+COPY requirements.txt .
+RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip && \
+    pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt
 
-# Expose port
+# 复制项目代码
+COPY . .
+
+# 创建媒体文件目录
+RUN mkdir -p /app/media /app/static
+
+# 暴露端口
 EXPOSE 8000
 
-# Volume for media files
-VOLUME ["/app/media"]
+# 健康检查
+HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=10s --start-period=5s --retries=3 \
+    CMD python -c "import requests; requests.get('http://localhost:8000/api/health/')" || exit 1
 
-# Run the application with gunicorn
-CMD ["gunicorn", "--bind", "0.0.0.0:8000", "config.wsgi:application"]
+# 启动命令
+CMD ["sh", "-c", "python manage.py collectstatic --noinput && python manage.py migrate && gunicorn --bind 0.0.0.0:8000 --workers 4 --threads 2 --worker-class gthread --access-logfile - --error-logfile - --capture-output --enable-stdio-inheritance config.wsgi:application"]