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jeremygan2021
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acme_test.sh
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250
acme_test.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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#
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# 脚本名称: acme_test.sh (Enhanced)
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# 功能: 全面诊断 ACME 挑战环境（权限、配置、网络）
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# 日期: 2026-03-03
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# ================= 配置区域 =================
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# 默认配置，可被交互式输入覆盖
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DEFAULT_WEBROOT="/var/www/letsencrypt"
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NGINX_CONF_DIR="/etc/nginx/conf.d"
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# 彩色输出
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RED='\033[0;31m'
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GREEN='\033[0;32m'
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YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
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BLUE='\033[0;34m'
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CYAN='\033[0;36m'
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NC='\033[0m' # No Color
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# 日志函数
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log_info() { echo -e "${GREEN}[INFO]${NC} $1"; }
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log_warn() { echo -e "${YELLOW}[WARN]${NC} $1"; }
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log_error() { echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $1"; }
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log_step() { echo -e "\n${BLUE}[STEP]${NC} $1"; }
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log_substep() { echo -e " ${CYAN}➜${NC} $1"; }
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# 检查 root 权限
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check_root() {
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if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
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log_error "请使用 root 权限运行此脚本 (sudo)"
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exit 1
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fi
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}
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# 获取域名和 Webroot
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get_input() {
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log_step "配置检查参数"
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# 域名输入
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if [[ -z "$1" ]]; then
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read -p "请输入要测试的域名 (例如: example.com): " DOMAIN
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else
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DOMAIN="$1"
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fi
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if [[ -z "$DOMAIN" ]]; then
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log_error "域名不能为空"
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exit 1
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fi
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log_info "目标域名: $DOMAIN"
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# Webroot 输入
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if [[ -z "$2" ]]; then
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read -p "请输入 Webroot 路径 [默认: $DEFAULT_WEBROOT]: " INPUT_WEBROOT
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WEBROOT="${INPUT_WEBROOT:-$DEFAULT_WEBROOT}"
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else
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WEBROOT="$2"
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fi
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log_info "Webroot: $WEBROOT"
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}
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# 检查 DNS 解析
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check_dns() {
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log_step "DNS 解析检查"
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# 获取本机公网 IP (尝试多个源)
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LOCAL_IP=$(curl -s4 ifconfig.me || curl -s4 icanhazip.com)
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log_substep "本机公网 IP: ${LOCAL_IP:-无法获取}"
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# 获取域名解析 IP
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# 优先使用 dig，如果没有则尝试 ping
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if command -v dig &> /dev/null; then
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DOMAIN_IP=$(dig +short "$DOMAIN" | head -n1)
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else
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DOMAIN_IP=$(ping -c 1 "$DOMAIN" 2>/dev/null | head -n1 | grep -oE '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' | head -n1)
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fi
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log_substep "域名解析 IP: ${DOMAIN_IP:-无法获取}"
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if [[ -n "$LOCAL_IP" && -n "$DOMAIN_IP" ]]; then
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if [[ "$LOCAL_IP" == "$DOMAIN_IP" ]]; then
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log_info "✅ DNS 解析正确指向本机"
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else
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log_warn "⚠️ DNS 解析 IP ($DOMAIN_IP) 与本机 IP ($LOCAL_IP) 不一致"
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log_warn " (如果是 CDN/负载均衡环境，请忽略此警告)"
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fi
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elif [[ -z "$DOMAIN_IP" ]]; then
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log_warn "⚠️ 无法解析域名 $DOMAIN，请检查 DNS 设置"
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fi
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}
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# 检查 Webroot 权限与写入
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check_webroot_access() {
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log_step "Webroot 写入测试"
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CHALLENGE_DIR="${WEBROOT}/.well-known/acme-challenge"
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# 检查 Webroot 是否存在
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if [[ ! -d "$WEBROOT" ]]; then
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log_warn "Webroot 目录不存在: $WEBROOT"
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read -p "是否创建该目录? [y/N] " create_choice
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if [[ "$create_choice" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
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mkdir -p "$WEBROOT"
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log_info "✅ 已创建目录: $WEBROOT"
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else
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log_error "无法继续测试，目录不存在"
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exit 1
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fi
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fi
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# 创建挑战目录
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if [[ ! -d "$CHALLENGE_DIR" ]]; then
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mkdir -p "$CHALLENGE_DIR"
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log_substep "创建挑战目录: $CHALLENGE_DIR"
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fi
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# 权限检查 (简单版)
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TEST_FILE="${CHALLENGE_DIR}/test_token_$(date +%s)"
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echo "acme_test_content" > "$TEST_FILE"
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if [[ -f "$TEST_FILE" ]]; then
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log_info "✅ Root 用户写入成功: $TEST_FILE"
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else
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log_error "❌ Root 用户写入失败，请检查磁盘空间或文件系统只读状态"
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return 1
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fi
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# 修正权限 (确保 Nginx 可读)
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chown -R www-data:www-data "$WEBROOT"
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chmod -R 755 "$WEBROOT"
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log_info "✅ 已修正 Webroot 权限 (owner: www-data, mod: 755)"
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return 0
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}
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# Nginx 配置与端口检查
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check_nginx() {
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log_step "Nginx 配置与服务检查"
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# 检查端口
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if ss -tlnp | grep -q ':80\b'; then
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log_info "✅ 端口 80 正在监听"
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else
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log_error "❌ 端口 80 未被监听，Nginx 可能未启动"
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log_info "尝试查看 Nginx 状态:"
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systemctl status nginx --no-pager | head -n 5
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fi
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# 检查配置中是否有 location 规则
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CONF_FILE="${NGINX_CONF_DIR}/${DOMAIN}.conf"
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# 如果找不到标准命名的 conf，尝试模糊搜索
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if [[ ! -f "$CONF_FILE" ]]; then
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CONF_FILE=$(grep -l "server_name.*$DOMAIN" ${NGINX_CONF_DIR}/*.conf 2>/dev/null | head -n1)
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fi
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if [[ -f "$CONF_FILE" ]]; then
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log_substep "检查配置文件: $CONF_FILE"
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if grep -q "location.*\.well-known/acme-challenge" "$CONF_FILE"; then
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log_info "✅ 发现 ACME challenge location 规则"
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else
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log_warn "⚠️ 未在配置文件中发现显式的 .well-known/acme-challenge 规则"
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log_warn " (如果使用了 include 或通用配置，可能也是正常的)"
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fi
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else
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log_warn "⚠️ 未找到域名 $DOMAIN 的专属配置文件 (在 $NGINX_CONF_DIR)"
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fi
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}
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# 模拟 HTTP 请求
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perform_http_test() {
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log_step "HTTP 访问测试 (模拟 ACME 验证)"
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TEST_FILENAME=$(basename "$TEST_FILE")
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# 构造 URL
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# 本地测试 URL (绕过 DNS)
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TEST_URL="http://127.0.0.1/.well-known/acme-challenge/$TEST_FILENAME"
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# 外部访问 URL
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DOMAIN_URL="http://${DOMAIN}/.well-known/acme-challenge/$TEST_FILENAME"
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log_substep "1. 本地回环测试 (127.0.0.1)"
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# 使用 Host 头强制指定域名
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HTTP_CODE=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" -H "Host: $DOMAIN" "$TEST_URL")
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if [[ "$HTTP_CODE" == "200" ]]; then
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log_info "✅ 本地访问成功 (HTTP 200)"
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CONTENT=$(curl -s -H "Host: $DOMAIN" "$TEST_URL")
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if [[ "$CONTENT" == "acme_test_content" ]]; then
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log_info "✅ 内容匹配成功"
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else
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log_error "❌ 内容不匹配: 获取到了 '$CONTENT'"
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fi
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else
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log_error "❌ 本地访问失败 (HTTP $HTTP_CODE)"
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log_warn " 可能原因: Nginx root/alias 配置错误，或 location 匹配错误"
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log_info " 尝试获取详细 Header:"
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curl -I -H "Host: $DOMAIN" "$TEST_URL" 2>&1 | head -n 10
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fi
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log_substep "2. 域名解析访问测试 (公共网络模拟)"
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echo " 尝试直接访问: $DOMAIN_URL"
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EXTERNAL_CODE=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" --connect-timeout 5 "$DOMAIN_URL")
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if [[ "$EXTERNAL_CODE" == "200" ]]; then
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log_info "✅ 域名访问成功 (HTTP 200)"
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elif [[ "$EXTERNAL_CODE" == "301" ]] || [[ "$EXTERNAL_CODE" == "302" ]]; then
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log_warn "⚠️ 检测到重定向 (HTTP $EXTERNAL_CODE)"
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REDIRECT_URL=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{redirect_url}" "$DOMAIN_URL")
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log_info " 重定向目标: $REDIRECT_URL"
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log_info " ACME 协议通常支持重定向，但请确保最终目标可达 (HTTPS 配置是否正确?)"
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elif [[ "$EXTERNAL_CODE" == "000" ]]; then
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log_error "❌ 无法连接到服务器 (Timeout/Connection Refused)"
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log_warn " 请检查防火墙 (ufw/iptables) 和安全组设置 (端口 80)"
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else
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log_error "❌ 域名访问失败 (HTTP $EXTERNAL_CODE)"
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fi
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}
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# 清理
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cleanup() {
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log_step "清理测试文件"
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if [[ -f "$TEST_FILE" ]]; then
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rm -f "$TEST_FILE"
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log_info "✅ 已删除测试文件: $TEST_FILE"
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else
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log_info "无文件需要清理"
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fi
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}
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# 主流程
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main() {
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# 注册清理钩子，脚本退出时自动清理
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trap cleanup EXIT
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echo -e "${BLUE}========================================${NC}"
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echo -e "${BLUE} 🔍 ACME 验证环境诊断工具 ${NC}"
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echo -e "${BLUE}========================================${NC}"
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check_root
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get_input "$1" "$2"
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check_dns
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check_webroot_access
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check_nginx
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perform_http_test
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echo -e "\n${GREEN}=== 诊断结束 ===${NC}"
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}
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main "$@"
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